Numerous agricultural ministers attend FRUIT LOGISTICA opening day tour
At the this year's FRUIT LOGISTICA opening day tour, Parliamentary Secretary of State of the Federal Ministry of Agriculture Dr Gerd Mller and the Secretary of State of the Berlin Senate Office of Economics, Technology and Women’s Affairs, Professor Volkmar Strauch, gathered information from international exhibitors and numerous European agricultural ministries. Dr Christian Gke, Managing Director of Messe Berlin and FRUIT LOGISTICA Global Brand Manager Grald Lamusse accompanied the politicians on a tour of the exhibition stands.
The Dutch Minister of Agriculture Cees Veermann emphasised the importance of the German market for Dutch products. Ricardo Estrada, President of the Ecuadorian export promotion organisation CORPEI: "FRUIT LOGISTICA is one of the most important trade fairs in the world for our country". The Manager of the Argentinean export office Exportar, Javier Dufourquet, proudly proclaimed that his country concluded business contracts worth 50 million US dollars during the FRUIT LOGISTICA 2006 trade fair. He said that they aim to top this figure this year. Joachim Thannhuser, first secretary of the Polish embassy in Berlin, told the politicians that the demand for Polish fruit and vegetables has seen an incredible rise since Poland joined the EU in 2004: so far, exports have generated profits of EUR 500 million. "Germany is one of our biggest markets", explained Mawuli Agboka, Head of the Ghanaian Horticulture Exports Industry Initiative. Visits to the stands of the Czech Republic, Chile and Germany’s major markets followed. Mller and Strauch were given a cordial reception by the Italian Minister of Agriculture Paolo De Castro. "FRUIT LOGISTICA is number one for us. It is the most important international industry meeting point. After visiting 12 more display stands, the politicians concluded the tour with a visit to the Greek Minister of Agricultural Development, Evangelos Basaikos.
Minister of Agriculture Paolo De Castro: "FRUIT LOGISTICA is Italy’s most important trade fair in this segment"
"FRUIT LOGISTICA is Italy’s most important trade fair in this segment", explained the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Nutrition Paolo De Castro. Accompanied by ambassador Antonio Puri Purini and further officials, he took an extended tour of the total 314 Italian exhibitors, the number of which had this year once again experienced an increase of 24 percent. The politician stressed that for Italian growers, FRUIT LOGISTICA is not only the gateway to the East, but also to the rest of the world. Based on information provided by the Italian foreign trade institute, in the first nine months of last year, Italy exported agricultural products valued at EUR 13.65 billion. With a 20 percent share, Germany held a clear leadership position as a buyer, and was followed by France (12%) and the USA (11%). The leading export products included wine (17%), as well as fresh produce (14%). (Hall 2.2, Stand B-05/B-06/C-08. Contact: Marco Cimini, phone: +49.30.8844030)
Brazil: Millions of dollars of business generated at FRUIT LOGISTICA
"We started out in 2003 with 10 exhibitors, and this year we are participating with 47 companies", explains Valeska Oliveira, Executive Manager of the Brazilian Fruit Institute IBRAF. She went on to say that FRUIT LOGISTICA is an attractive meeting place for exporters and buyers from around the world. Last year, Brazilian companies signed contracts worth USD 2.4 million at the trade fair. This set the stage for follow-up business and investments totalling USD 65.5 million. In fact, the federal state of Cear managed to conclude an agreement with an international company planning to invest around USD 50 million. The results for this year are already apparent. The volume of banana exports has increased by USD 4 million and there has also been a significant increase in the pineapple exports. Fruit exports in 2006 have already seen a 7% increase in revenues to USD 472.5 million. In addition to tropical fruits, Brazil is presenting a new line of northern blueberries at this year’s FRUIT LOGISTICA. (Hall 25, Stand B-07. Contact: Luciana Pacheco, phone: +49.174.1466206)
Egypt: product quality is improved for enhanced presence
"FRUIT LOGISTICA is the world’s most important trade fair for the fruit and vegetable industry. By attending this trade fair, our exhibitors become part of the international community of producers", stated Egyptian Minister of Agriculture Amin Ahmed Mohamed Othman Abaza on his visit to the one of the world’s leading trade fairs. The importance of this trade fair is demonstrated by the constant rise in the number of exhibitors – with 24 in 2006, this year 32 exhibitors offered their fruit and vegetable produce. "10 years ago, we exported around 1,000 tonnes of grapes", said Sherif El-Beltagy, President of Belco, one of the country’s biggest fruit and vegetable producers. "This year’s volume will be around 35,000 tonnes". The Minister of Agriculture adds: "The quality and quantity of our products will continue to rise, and perhaps we will come to the trade fair with even more exhibitors this coming year". (Hall 04.1, Stand E-07. Contact: Sherif El-Beltagy, phone: +202.7.357213)
Mller: Industry shows impressive capability at the FRUIT LOGISTICA
During an opening-day tour of the FRUIT LOGISTICA, Dr. Gerd Mller, parliamentary state secretary for the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection, said he was quite impressed by the industry. "We’re dealing here with a very capable, international branch of the economy", Mller said during the tour, which offered an overview of the entire value chain of fruit and vegetables, from cultivation to distribution and marketing and to food retail. "This trade show is the ideal platform for trade partners in produce. Visitors to this trade fair can learn all about an extensive range of goods and services, can make comparisons, and can then take informed decisions based on this". (Contact: Press office, German Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection, phone +49.1888.5293171)
FRUIT LOGISTICA 2007 opens
A leading German official called for adequate pricing structures for food at the FRUIT LOGISTICA 2007opening ceremony. Dr. Gerd Mller, Parliamentary State Secretary for the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection, also spoke out against price dumping: "Good quality can’t be simply given away for free. In order to prevent price dumping for food, we will adopt a law that forbids the sale of food priced below cost".
"Consumer interest in fruit and vegetables has never been greater. Healthy diet is a central topic throughout all of Europe", said Dr. Stephan Fanderl, from the REWE Group Management Board. With total revenues for his company at EUR 41.7 billion, along with 11,804 stores and more than 260,000 employees, Rewe plays a key role in the food market. Addressing the current issues focusing on the problem of pesticide residues on fruit and vegetables, Fanderl said that the Rewe Group will further raise the standards for its products. Fanderl said the current situation is inadequate because it is confusing for consumers and because the maximum allowable residue levels differ from one EU country to another. "In the future, our fruit and vegetables will contain no more than 70 percent of the maximum legal level of residues", Dr. Fanderl said, in reference to the Rewe Group.
"It’s appropriate here for a Dutchman to say a few words", Cees Veerman, Dutch Minister for Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, said with a wink as he began his speech. As the FRUIT LOGISTICA 2007 partner country, the Netherlands underscores the importance of the Berlin trade fair to the food industry. Around 80 percent of Dutch agricultural products are exported to Germany. The Netherlands has an important place in the German market when it comes to tomatoes, cucumbers and sweet peppers. "Today, Dutch companies offer more than 30 tomato varieties. And not one of them is a water-bomb. Our growers have worked hard to achieve this", Minister Veerman said in conclusion.
Berlin Mayor Ingeborg Junge-Reyer, who also serves as a Senator for Urban Development, emphasized the logistical tasks that the modern fruit and vegetable industry must master: "The job of supplying major cities with fresh produce is an enormous logistical challenge". She added that policymakers must reconcile the consumer’s desire for short distances to the next supermarket with logistical requirements, such as adequate roads around the city centre.
Speaking at the opening event at the ICC Berlin, Dr. Christian Gke, Managing Director of Messe Berlin, recounted the success story behind the trade show with an unmistakable sense of pride. But nobody’s resting on their laurels. Preparations for new projects are running full speed ahead. Messe Berlin is also tapping the huge Asian market with the ASIA FRUIT LOGISTICA from 5-7 September in Bangkok. "We’re quite upbeat about playing a good role there in Asia", Gke said.
Innovation Award: Resealable freshness from Masterlabel
Masterlabel is the first plastic bag for vegetables which can be resealed without detriment to freshness or aroma. The product is compatible with most packaging machines and is designed with a label that can be opened and closed again up to seven times, says Karin Herold of the Italian manufacturer Masterpack. The chain-store Coop was the first customer to introduce the innovative packaging for fresh lettuces; international contacts will be made at the FRUIT LOGISTICA. The Masterlabel is also one of ten products nominated for the trade show’s Innovation Award. (Hall 2.2, Stand A-23. Contact: Karin Herold, phone: +39.0332.799258)
Columbia: Number one in physalis exports
Physalis exports from Columbia reached 1,000 tonnes last year. Andrea Escobar, Export Manager for the Caribbean Exotics company, explains that this not only makes the South American country number one on the world market for physalis, but also means that it is unrivalled. Although the little yellow Vitamin C bomb with the slightly sour taste, which is also known as Cape gooseberry, is also cultivated in Canada and Peru, the country of origin, Escobar claims that these products can't compare with the quality of Columbian fruit. Together with three further companies and under the umbrella of the export promotion organisation ProExport, Caribbean Exotics is exhibiting a full range of exotic Columbian fruits: passion fruit and baby bananas, tree tomatos, curuba, lulo, mango, prickly pear, feijoa, granadilla and guava. "With its special focus on fresh fruit and vegetables, FRUIT LOGISTICA is our most important fruit trade fair in Europe", says Andrea Escobar, whose company represents 220 agricultural organisations and production cooperatives. In addition to the most important buyers, such as Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, Great Britain and Belgium, further European markets are also set to be tapped. (Hall 25, Stand A-15. Contact: Andrea Escobar, phone: +49.178.4733667)
Boxidea Box: Improved ventilation and cooling
The highlight of Spanish company Maderfibra’s exhibit is the "Boxidea Box 2.3 Kilogram", which has been nominated for the FRUIT LOGISTICA Innovation Award 2007. It represents a significant improvement on various aspects of the traditional wooden crate. Measuring 297.20 x 196.54 mm (exterior) and 285 x 185 mm (interior), the pallets can be stacked ideally and secured with rope, netting, or brackets, as well as making better use of space. In addition, the new container improves ventilation and cooling during transport. A minimum of five millimetres between stacked boxes helps to increase ventilation and keep produce fresh. A major advantage for retailers: The patented system means that you can assemble the box in your warehouse without steel clamps or glue. It is made using 100 per cent recycled materials and is completely biodegradable. It has been available since September 2006. (Hall 1.1, Stand D-10. Contact: Daniel Alabadi Gomez, phone: +34.68.7893817)
Innovation Award: Vitamini’s – A healthy snack alternative
Already successful on markets in the Netherlands, the makers of Vitamini’s are looking for resellers in other European countries at FRUIT LOGISTICA. The tasty Vitamini’s produced by the Rainbow Growers Group are a healthy alternative to sweet snacks: three mini gherkins, two tiny peppers or 120 g of cocktail tomatoes packed in a plastic bag that keeps the product fresh for a week and is ideal for use in vending machines. According to company chairman Iwan van Vliet, the range will be supplemented this year with a second tomato variety and a bag with mixed contents. The company is now headed for markets in Germany and the UK. At FRUIT LOGISTICA, Vitamini’s are one of ten products nominated for the Innovation Award 2007 (Hall 3.2, Stand D-06. Contact: Iwan van Vliet, phone: +31.174.524132)
GFI debate on price dumping at the Berlin's City Hall
The German government plans to toughen up the ban against selling food below cost. In the light of this, the GFI (association for promoting the interests of German wholesale markets) will be holding a panel discussion titled "Price dumping: The effects on producers, traders and consumers" during the FRUIT LOGISTICA. The discussion will take place at the Berlin City Hall from 19.00 to 21.00 hrs on 9th February 2007. More than 130 people have already expressed their interest in the event. "The high share of foreign participants shows the international significance of this issue", says Uwe Kluge, Manager of Bremen's wholesale market and Chairman of the GFI, who will be taking part in the discussion. Other panel members include Eckhard Engert from the Federal Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection, Gerhard Schulz, Chairman of the DBV (German farmers' association fruit and vegetable committee), and Dr Detlef Gro, Managing Director of the Main Association of German Retailers (HDE). (Contact: Frank Willhausen, phone: +49.170.5577514)
Dbut appearance at the FRUIT LOGISTICA: Asian vegetables from Honduras
"We want to promote our quality produce on the European market and to find sales partners", says Mnica Estvez of the private organisation for the promotion of exports, FIDE, by way of introduction to Honduras’ first appearance at the FRUIT LOGISTICA. And indeed most of this Central American country’s fruit and vegetable production is already EurepGAP-certified. As well as grapefruit, melons, plantains and sweet potatoes, the five companies represented here have a wide range of Asian vegetables on offer – Japanese aubergines, for instance, Indian bitter melons, and Thai okra. These "exotic vegetables" have been grown for almost a decade to supply Asian communities in the United States. While the USA and its Central American neighbours are still the major trading partners of this country with a population of 7.3 million, European buyers and in particular the Netherlands, Germany and Belgium are becoming increasingly important. 15 per cent of Honduras’ gross domestic product comes from agriculture. (Hall 25, Stand B-05. Contact: Mnica Estvez, phone: +49.152.04525972)
Algeria: Vegetable growers seeking partners for technology transfer
At FRUIT LOGISTICA 2007, Algeria will be displaying a wide range of vegetables grown out in the desert. The carrots, pumpkins, potatoes, tomatoes and chillies from La Grande Rose des Sables Agro are all cultivated in the desert sand. "We don’t use any pesticides or herbicides, and are able to harvest tomatoes and chillies and much more, 365 days a year," Director Ahmed Attouz explains, extolling the benefits of his vegetables. The organically grown shrub vegetables flourish under glass, while the potatoes are grown on hectare-size plots, watered with rotary irrigation systems. His 145 strong workforce plant, harvest and pack the vegetables locally in El Oued. The produce is still transported the 600 kilometres to Algiers, but Ahmed Attouz is in the process of having a cargo quay fitted out at Jijel harbour. "We currently export to France, but are now also seeking customers and partners for technology transfer in Germany," Mr Attouz reports. (Hall 05.1, Stand A-03. Contact: Ahmed Attouz, phone: +213.32216604)
Melons from Brazil and Kent mangos from Peru presented for the first time
Inter Weichert of Hamburg, a partner of Fyffes plc, Dublin is one of the leading providers of exotic fruit and other speciality foods in Germany. According to Marketing Manager Ralph Fischer, the company is part of the Fyffes Tropical Produce segment of the Fyffes group. Along with bananas, pineapple and other core products, this year's presentation will focus on exotic fruits. Brazilian melons marketed under the "Nino" brand will be on display along with the first Kent mangos from Peru. Following the successful introduction of the three-kilogramme "Pitmetten" box, the complete range of this product will also be presented. Visitors to the Inter Weichert stand are invited to sample the wide variety of fruits and enjoy a Pit caipirinha cocktail. "FRUIT LOGISTICA gives us important indicators for the current season," says Fischer. "In-depth talks with suppliers and customers have a decisive impact on the way we put together our import range and thus on the success of this product category". (Hall 5.1, Stand A-05. Contact: Ralph Fischer, phone: +49.171.732.2277)
Tunisia: Pomegranates for the organic market
"We have made great strides in organic production. We even have produce from biodynamic farming", says Mohamed Gharbi, Managing Director of the Tunisian marketing agency for agricultural products. The production of pomegranates for export, totalling 1,500 tonnes (2005), is now entirely organic. France is the principle buyer. Tunisia hopes to interest other buyers in this fruit at the FRUIT LOGISTICA. Tunisia’s seven exhibitors also present a wide range of dates, oranges, lettuce and potatoes. (Hall 6.2, Stand C-03. Contact: Mr. Adel Labben, phone: +21.622516125)
Hungary: Increase in frit and vegetable production
Fruit production in Hungary is estimated at 800,000 to 850,000 tonnes in 2006. This represents an increase of more than 10% over the previous year reports Viktor Medina, Project Manager for FruitVeB – the Hungarian Interprofessional Organisation for Fruit and Vegetables. Around 20% of the annual Hungarian fruit harvest is exported. As a result of weather conditions and tropical fruit imports, the volume of fruit imported to Hungary over the last three years exceeded the amount exported. According to Medina, the foreign trade balance for fresh and frozen vegetables has remained positive for several years. For example, while vegetable exports in 2004 totalled 185,000 tonnes, imports accounted for 115,000 tonnes. Vegetable production in 2006 is expected to reach 1.6 million tonnes. This is around 14% more than 2005 and 16% less than 2004. According to Medina, "The slightly lower production volume is a result of a decline in the amount of sweet corn and tomatoes sold to industry customers". He added that, in 2005, exports of processed fruit and vegetables totalled 425,000 tonnes, while imports amounted to 134,000 tonnes. (Hall 5.1, Stand B-14. Contact: Viktor Medina, phone: +36.1.3811020)
Chile promotes "Hass" avocados
"Quality and food safety are the keys to success for the Chilean fruit industry", said Pablo Balmaceda of the Chilean Consulate General economic department. With the Pro Chile association for promoting exports, the department represents more than 80 companies at FRUIT LOGISTICA, and thus the entire range of Chilean fruit production. This year, the South American country is primarily seeking to focus attention on its avocados. Unlike most other types, the Chilean variety named "Hass" has a black peel when ripe. This takes some getting used to for European consumers. "But in return, it’s creamier and tastier than conventional varieties", said Adolfo Ochagava Vial, President of the Comit de Paltas association, describing the advantages of the fruit, which is cultivated on about 26,000 hectares in Chile (total avocado cultivation: 29,000 hectares). In past years, Chile has harvested 206 tonnes of avocados, of which 150 tonnes were exported. This makes Chile the third-largest exporter of avocados behind Mexico and the USA, but this year, it will rise to second place. Chilean growers are increasingly focusing on Europe as a primary export region. In the 2006-2007 business year, 39,000 tonnes of avocados were shipped to European markets. In the previous year, only 18,000 tonnes were shipped with Spain, the Netherlands and the UK as the biggest consumers. While the average Chilean citizen consumes 3.5 kilos of avocados each year, Germans consume less than 200 grams – a fact that Pablo Balmaceda and his association hope to change at the trade show. (Hall 25, Stand A-07. Contacts: Pablo Balmaceda, phone +49.172.4028844, and Adolfo Ochagava Vial, phone +49.171.7498908).
South Tyrolean apples are now also available in snack size
With 25 percent of the harvest, South Tyrol is already the European Union’s most important supplier of organic apples. As a result, there are now plans to further expand the cultivation in accordance with organic directives. The first tasting days were launched in Berlin with the start of FRUIT LOGISTICA as part of a new marketing campaign of the apple consortium, which brings together around 8,000 family-run companies with a cultivation area of 18,000 hectares and an annual yield of 950,000 tonnes. Together with the company VOG-Products, the EU has now reacted to the rise in demand in the convenience sector. At the trade fair, the South Tyrolean apple is now also presented in washed and cut bite-sized pieces, which are packed into handy snack bags (Hall 4.2, Stand A-09. Contact: Barbara Platzer, phone: +49.30.726208204)
Kenya: High-care products reach European markets faster
According to Dr. Stephen Mbithi Mwikya, Director of the Kenyan Fresh Produce Association. "Along with flowers, our special strengths lie in the production and marketing of baby carrots, mangetout (sugar peas) and other high-care products". 110 growers are already working in compliance with the more stringent European agricultural regulations (EurepGap). Meeting the highest hygienic standards, these products are packed in single portions and can be conveniently heated in a microwave. "Our products are still transported at higher costs by air freight or slow ship routes via South Africa", says Dr. Mwikya. "As the volume of goods headed for Europe increases, we will start shipping them through the Suez Canal. This will enable us to lower prices and reach European markets faster". (Hall 6.2, Stand B-20. Contact: Ms. Faith Muriithi, phone: +25.4736939474)
Puraterra – New brand from Sicily
A consortium of Sicilian fruit growers from the Calatino South Simeto District at the foot of Mount Etna will be showing off the new Puraterra brand at FRUIT LOGISTICA. The name is a reference to the pure soil and the high quality of the organic produce, cultivated on a total area of 100,000 hectares. Blood oranges, grapes, cactus figs, peaches and artichokes will be supplied under the new brand (Hall 2.2. Contact: Sabine Rehage, phone.: +49.171.7498908)
France exporting more fruit and vegetables
France is Europe's third-largest producer of fruit and vegetables. In 2005, the overall harvest was 10.3 million tonnes (excluding potatoes) including 3,858,968 tonnes of fruit and 6,450,853 tonnes of vegetables (source: SCEES). Annual turnover on fruit and vegetables is about EUR 5.5 billion. Fruit and vegetables are grown on a total of 2.6 percent of France's agricultural land. In 2005, the country exported 2.07 million tonnes of fresh vegetables worldwide, primarily potatoes (1,257,850 t), cauliflower (199,251 t), tomatoes (97,712 t) and carrots (90,848 t). Fruit exports totalled 1.38 million tonnes. The most popular export goods were apples (620,087 t) as well as peaches and nectarines (66,478 t). Some 89% of the exports went to other EU countries. Another 11% was sent to countries in southeast Asia, the Middle East, South America and North Africa (source: French customs). The current figures from January to September 2006 show a slight increase. In the first nine months of last year, France exported 2.58 million tonnes of vegetables worldwide (up 2.7% on 2005) and 1.08 million tonnes of fruit (+1.2%). Germany and England are the biggest importers of French fruit and vegetables.
Rapid growth for fair trade fruit
Retail chains in England, Italy, the Benelux and Switzerland are booming with fair trade fruits. Talking about this trend, HPW Fairtrade AG Manager Hans Peter Werder said that HPW and its producers in Ghana were quick to recognise this opportunity and have invested energy and capital in sustainable pineapple production. The Swiss commercial enterprise carries out on-site quality management in Ghana to ensure the highest quality standards and reliable quantity planning for each variety. HPW Fairtrade Ltd, Ghana was created to this end. It now employs three agronomists and an administrator, assists production, manages fruit planning and inspects fruit for export. The improved quality and reliable quantity planning have proved effective. Sales volumes at fixed and fair trade prices increased by over 50 per cent from 2005 to 2006. 14,000 tonnes of extra-sweet pineapples are planned for 2007. "This makes us the second-largest and indeed most successful producers’ concern in Ghana", Werder adds. (Hall 4.1, Stand E-02. Contact: Hans Peter Werder, phone: +41.76.3452664)
New logistics centre at Hamburg's main market
HQL Hodorff Qualittslogistik GmbH opened a new logistics centre at Hamburg's main market on 15 December 2006. The new facility is one of the most technically advanced trans-shipment platforms for temperature-controlled foodstuffs in Europe. Fresh fruit and vegetables from all over the world are stored in separate computer-controlled temperature zones without interrupting the cold chain. "Our new logistics centre significantly enhances food safety and consumer protection", says HQL General Manager Heinrich Hodorff. "Unique in the logistics industry, we now offer laboratory services for on-site product testing". In line with consumer demand, this enables the company to inspect fruit and vegetable shipments for pesticide residues within 12 hours and immediately remove contaminated products from the supply chain. (Hall 4.2, Stand E-13. Contact: Heinrich Hodorff, phone: +49.40.68877210)
Nationwide: Develop existing business relations and guarantee supply
"This is our second time at FRUIT LOGISTICA. It is a good trade fair in three ways: we can meet with our current suppliers, find suppliers with new products and generate new business", says Manager Steven Chapman of Nationwide Produce PLC based in Southport, UK. His company is regarded as one of the leading marketers of fresh and chilled fruit and vegetable produce in the UK. In 2006, the company supplied products to 618 customers in 12 countries and generated sales turnover of EUR 74.566 million (GBP 52.158 million). The Nationwide Holding also owns marketing companies in the Netherlands and Italy (Hall 6.2, Stand B-13. Contact: Mr Steven Chapman, phone: +44.7932036586)
Capespan and LEGO join forces for ad campaign
Capespan Continent N.V. and LEGO System AS recently agreed on a joint ad campaign entitled "Healthy body, healthy mind". The campaign brings together the two companies' main objectives: sell healthy fruit and intelligent toys that stimulate the body and mind. With this in mind, LEGO has developed six fruit motifs and a miniature figure made of LEGO bricks. Capespan will use these in an exclusive ad campaign for its retail partners. Each package of CAPE and OUTSPAN fruit will contain a LEGO toy. This is means fun for the children and encourages parents to buy the products. Gerald Mller, Managing Director of Capespan Continent N.V., is extremely pleased about the collaboration. "This innovative project brings together two companies that are leaders in their respective fields", he says. "The aim is to encourage people to consume fresh fruit and develop healthy eating habits for children." More information about the ad campaign will be available at the Capespan display stand. (Hall 5.1, Stand A-05. Contact: Rob Euser, phone: +32.3 546913)
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